Time to read: 6 min
Though jigs and fixtures may be small and cost-effective compared to other manufacturing tools, they are indispensable for achieving high-quality parts. Often mistaken for each other, jigs and fixtures are distinct yet complementary manufacturing aids.
Understanding Jigs
A jig is a lightweight tool designed to guide a cutting instrument, ensuring that a specific task is performed identically each time. Primarily used in manual operations such as drilling and tapping, a jig acts as a template that guarantees the tool's consistent action. For example, to create evenly spaced holes on a part, a jig directs the drill to the exact location, preventing deviation from the designated spot. Jigs are not just practical—they can also save costs. Without a jig, drilling an angled hole requires a 5-axis machine, which is expensive. A jig offers a simple and cost-effective solution.
Jigs and fixtures work in tandem to enhance precision by minimizing human error and stabilizing both the tool and the workpiece. When correctly aligned, the process becomes swift and straightforward for the operator, who can rely on the jig's "template" to know exactly where to drill or cut. Without these aids, only highly skilled individuals could achieve satisfactory results. They also help reduce costs by accelerating work, allowing one person to perform the tasks of many, and by decreasing the likelihood of part waste due to avoidable mistakes.
"Jigs are typically mobile, such as hand-held tools for alignment and installation. Fixtures, on the other hand, are installed in place, like tools for shock and vibration testing or those that hold parts together during welding."